Asked whether there could be any truth to Gamboa's claim that the Bankasia incident was an innocent mix-up, Sayre-Peterson, the state banking official, chuckles derisively. "They definitely knew what they were doing," he says.
After the tumultuous 1990s, Gamboa and the Dominion entered an era of relative peace. Gamboa says she relinquished Melchizedek's presidency not long after declaring spiritual warfare on California, and has not closely followed her nation's business since then. She and Korem eventually settled in the South Bay with a son, Hazemach.
Frank Gaglione
Gamboa maintains the multiple injunctions issued against her for banking schemes are the result of innocent misunderstandings.
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Scamming associated with Melchizedekian plenipotentiaries has continued, on and off, but Gamboa stayed off the radar of finance authorities until June 2009. That was when the SEC filed a claim against her in U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, alleging that she had engaged in a four-year scheme to manipulate stock prices for the ZNext Mining Corporation, which was also called Pearl Asian Mining Industries, Inc. In a series of press releases and financial disclosures from 2004 to 2008, the SEC asserted, Gamboa touted revenues of up to $37 million from a remote gold mine in the Philippines. In 2006, she announced that an expansive new ore-refining system would further save the company $10 million per year, increasing returns to shareholders.
According to the complaint, however, ZNext/Pearl Asian was nothing but a shell company. Gamboa did appear to be involved in some form of mining activity in the Philippines. However, her purported mine site was surrounded by private property, and had been inaccessible until 2007 — three years after she began boasting of the mine's success. "The site is located in a remote, mountainous region that was periodically affected by rebel activity," the SEC complaint stated. "Moreover, other than a claimed small scale mining permit for 49 acres, the company has yet to obtain approval from the Philippine government to mine the site." According to investigators, the refining mechanism that spurred excited press releases in 2006 was in fact a $595 machine for purifying scrap jewelry, purchased over the Internet, that was broken when delivered.
Scams similar to this one, involving penny stocks — stocks that have a very low value or are thinly traded — are known in the financial world as "pump-and-dump" schemes. Because of the low price of penny-stock shares, their value is easily distorted by lying about a company's activity.
A perpetrator of this type of fraud can issue millions or billions of shares, send out a string of press releases proclaiming advances for the corporation that bode well for future revenue, wait for share value to jump, and then sell vast amounts of worthless stock at a profit. For instance, the SEC alleged that after ZNext sent out a press release falsely declaring that a new cash dividend was available to shareholders, the corporation's stock value jumped from just over 13 cents per share to 21 cents per share.
Gamboa's line on all this is that she was betrayed from within by a corporate lieutenant who "wanted to take over my company." This malcontent, she asserts, made misleading statements to the SEC to damage her, and her past declarations that the company was thriving were accurate. She claims the gold-refining machine is "not a little dinky one," and was purchased in China for $160,000. Any fraudulent manipulation of ZNext's stock value, she says, was carried out by her husband without her knowledge.
SEC officials, while they declined to reveal the details of their investigation, say they have independently verified all the facts set forth in their complaint. "This was a pump-and-dump scheme," says John Bulgozdy, senior trial counsel at the SEC's Los Angeles office. "She did this so she could sell stock and profit." In 2006 alone, according to court records, Pearl Asian Mining Inc. — which changed its name to ZNext in 2007 — brought in $1 million of revenue from stock sales, more than half of which Gamboa "misappropriated ... for her personal use."
Gamboa never showed up in federal court to contest the government's accusations, and U.S. District Court Judge Vaughn Walker ordered a default judgment against her totaling $1.8 million — a $650,000 fine for the ZNext corporation, and $1.18 million for Gamboa personally — in August 2010. Gamboa was also permanently barred from selling penny stocks. Gamboa, who tells SF Weekly she has at least $1.5 million in liquid assets, has not paid the fines. She says she hopes to find a lawyer to get the decision reversed.
Trading in Pearl Asian/ZNext mining stocks also brought unwelcome attention to Korem. In the summer of 2010, he was arrested and thrown in Santa Clara County lockup as part of Operation Broken Trust, a nationwide crackdown on small-time investment fraud. The feds alleged that Korem had conspired to promise illegal kickbacks to a stockbroker if he would buy shares of ZNext, thus inflating the price, and that he had also created spurious press releases in a manner similar to Gamboa. After being extradited to Florida, he pleaded guilty and was sentenced to two years in the Federal Detention Center in Miami.
Gamboa says she no longer has contact with Korem, who she claims cheated on her and carried on his criminal activity without her knowledge. "I'm not lucky with men," she says. They have not divorced, and some legal authorities familiar with their activity speculate whether they were ever married. The question is not simplified by the potential applicability of Melchizedekian matrimonial law.